Rumination involves repetitive and passive thoughts focused on the causes and effects of a person's distress. The problem is that these negative thoughts don't lead to solutions. We often slip into this type of thinking when we're faced with a problem we want to solve.
Rumination is the focused attention on the symptoms of one's mental distress. In 1991, Nolen-Hoeksema proposed the Response Styles Theory, [1][2][3] which is the most widely used conceptualization model of rumination. However, other theories have proposed different definitions for rumination.
Rumination is challenging because it has the power to keep you stuck. This happens because you’re repeatedly reprocessing negative information, magnifying negative emotions instead of creating actionable plans.
Rumination can cause a person to feel extreme distress, develop depression or anxiety, and worsen existing mental health disorders. At its core, rumination is a coping mechanism the mind uses to help feel more in control of something that is, or was, out of control.
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Rumination consists of a repetitive stream of negative thoughts or themes. It often involves mentally replaying a past scenario or conversation or trying to solve a vexing problem. Rumination can damage mental and physical health.
Rumination and worry are both forms of repetitive negative thinking, and while they have some similarities, there are also significant differences. Rumination focuses attention on the negative, or thoughts or distress and its causes and consequences, generally in the past or present.